Leaves narrowly to broadly ovate, 420 cm long, 210 cm wide, upper surface with sparse, short, inflated, eglandular hairs, lower surface glabrous or nearly so, margins widely, irregularly, and shallowly dentate or subentire, apex acute to acumunate, base cuneate to attenuate, petioles 26 cm long. Eleven new withanolides 111 were isolated and characterized from the aerial parts of nicandra johntyleriana. Once dried the head resembles some sort of strange chinese lantern and inside almost a perfect sphere, full of seed. Thus, to further find bioactive steroids, the stems and leaves of n. Its characteristic withanolides, a kind of ergostanetype steroids, are reported to display plentiful biological activities that many explain the effect of n. Native to south america hence the name, this member of the nightshade family produces attractive flowers and can be used in a homemade insecticide. One of the fastest growing plants yopu will ever find, it can reach three feet in only eight weeks after an early summer sowing. The freshkeeping mechanism of nicandra physaloides seed extract might be based on the fact that its. The new york flora atlas is a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state, as well as information on plant habitats, associated ecological communities, and taxonomy. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. A chemical and morphological study of nicandra physalodes.
Whilst physalodes is the widely accepted spelling of the species name, it is also commonly referred to as physaloides. Sell nicandra undulata bitter nicandra violacea andre nicandra violacea andre ex lemoine pentagonia physalodes l. Among the various plants that have been placed under cultivation in the medicinal and poisonous plant investigations gardens of the south dakota state college of agriculture and mechanic arts school of pharmacy, has been that of nicandra physalodes l pers. Nicandra physaloides is a medicinal and edible plant and has been used as traditionally herbal medicine to treat various diseases in folk. Nicandra plant growing guide apple of peru, shoofly plant. The shoofly plant nicandra physalodes can be grown from seed as a decorative addition to the garden. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above.
This plant has been under cultivation in the gardens since 1918, the seed having. Withanolides with antibacterial activity from nicandra. Nicandra physalodes apple of peru this plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. Pdf comparative pharmacobotanical study on nicandra. Branches of these can be dried and used for winter decoration indoors. Top of page nicandra is a single species genus in the family solanaceae. It owes its common name to the fact that some gardeners believe it to be a deterrent to white. Pdf withanolides from leaves of nicandra physalodes. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license.
Nicandra nana bitter nicandra nebulosa bitter nicandra parvimaculata bitter nicandra physalodes scop. Apple of peru shoofly plants what is apple of peru and. Shoofly plant nicandra physalodes illinois wildflowers. These new isolates were fully characterized using a combination of spectroscopic techniques including multidimensional nmr and mass. Flowers pale blue with a blue spot at the base of each lobe. And search more of istocks library of royaltyfree stock images that features branch plant part photos available for quick and easy download. Download this fruits of nicandra nicandra physalodes nicandra physaloides giftbeere photo now. This lovely variation carries large, whitecentred, blue funnelshaped flowers over lush foliage dramatically splashed with creamy yellow. Genus nicandra is a monotypic genus in the potato family, solanaceae. The flowers are pale bluemauve with a white throat, 5. Half hardy perennial commonly grown as a half hardy annual by gardeners.
Large, whitecentred, blue funnelshaped flowers appear over an extended period above lush green foliage. Nicandra physalodes is a species of flowering plant in subfamily solanoideae of the nightshade family. This plant is a summer annual that becomes 25 tall, branching occasionally. Large, whitecentred, blue funnelshaped flowers appear over an extended period. Leaves alternate, ovate, 28 inches long, 14 inches wide, margins dentate, irregularly lobed, upper surface sparsely hairy, lower mostly smooth. In addition, users can learn about the location of vouchered specimens and see images to get a better visual for each plant. It is known by the common names apple of peru and shoofly plant. Appleofperu nicandraphysalodes seed extracts as a biopreservative. South america peru and as an introduced species also in australia, north america and some european countries height. Can reach three feet in only eight weeks after an early summer sowing. The specific epithet physalodes is often misspelt as physaloides after gaertner. Apple of peru, shoofly plant, broadleafnightshade botanical name.
Three new c23 steroids from the leaves and stems of. Plant database entry for shoofly plant nicandra physalodes with 32 images and 19 data details. The isolation from nicandra physalodes and identification of the 3o. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Nicandra physalodes is an alien plant in southern china, possessing. The isolation from nicandra physalodes and identification. It is called the shoofly plant as it is reputed to deter whitefly. Nicandra physalodes seeds shooflyplant plant world seeds. A vigorous plant with handsome, wavytoothed leaves and attractive pale blue, bellshaped flowers followed by ornamental papery chinese lanterns. Nicandra physalodes, apple of peru seward, alaska august 2002. Nicandra is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family containing the single species nicandra physalodes.
Plants profile for nicandra physalodes apple of peru. Erect annual herbs up to 2 m tall, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Nicandra physalodes nicphphotos eppo global database. Nicandra physalodes growth at different concentrations of n, p and k article pdf available in semina. It is thought originally to have been native to western south america, including peru, and is known elsewhere as an introduced and ruderal species sometimes as a weed in tropical, subtropical and, to a. Seed structure and dormancy of nicandra physalodes. Nicandra physalodes seeds shooflyplant plant world.
Volume 37, issue 18, 29 april 1996, pages 32073208. The apple of peru plant nicandra physalodes is an interesting specimen. It is known by the common names appleofperu and shoofly plant. I have two distinct variants of nicandra physalodes both of which have regularly seeded themselves in the garden for many years.
The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf withanolides from leaves of nicandra physalodes article pdf available in journal of the brazilian chemical society 291. Pdf in this work a morphoanatomical comparative characterization was carried out between the leaves of nicandra physalodes l. Qualitative tests for the presence of alkaloids were performed as follows. The species is commonly known as the apple of peru or shoofly. Photos of nicandra physalodes nicph this website uses cookies our website uses cookies to ensure that we give you the best possible online experience. The generic nicandra is named after nikander, a poet of asia minor who lived about 100 bc and wrote of the medicinal uses of this plant. We do not use these to store personal information about you. Shoofly plant nicandra physalodes nightshade family solanaceae description. Apple of peru nicandra physalodes is a relatively common weed of creekbanks and riparian areas in southeastern queensland, though it rarely forms large and dense populations. The genus is named for greek poet nicander of colophon, who wrote about plants notably in his poem alexipharmaca, which treats of poisons and their antidotes. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. Nicandra is a genus of flowering plant in the family solanaceae, native to western south america.
Gaertna less known wild edible fruit original article. Keep reading to learn more about the apple of peru plant. Media in category nicandra physalodes the following 169 files are in this category, out of 169 total. One has dark blue, almost violet flowers with dark green leaves and purple stems, while the other has pale green stems, light blue flowers, and yellowish green leaves covered with tiny black dots.
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